In the escalating cyber conflict between Iran, the United States, and Israel, Tehran's hackers have intensified their operations, targeting critical infrastructure and private entities. Earlier this month, Israeli citizens received alarming text messages purportedly from their military, urging them to download a fake shelter app. This app, designed to steal personal data, exemplifies Iran's strategy to exploit digital platforms for espionage and psychological warfare. Additionally, mass texts falsely announcing the death of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and warning of impending missile attacks have been disseminated, aiming to instill fear and disrupt daily life. The cyber battlefield has also seen significant breaches. An Iranian hacking group named Handala claimed responsibility for a substantial attack on U.S. medical technology company Stryker. The assault resulted in the extraction of over 50 terabytes of data and the wiping of more than 200,000 devices, including personal ones used by employees. This incident underscores the vulnerabilities in critical sectors and the potential for widespread disruption. The attack is believed to be the first major assault on a private company as part of the broader U.S.-Israel-Iran cyber conflict, highlighting the global implications of this digital warfare. In response to the U.S. military strikes that killed Iran's supreme leader and several senior officials, U.S. critical infrastructure is bracing for potential cyber retaliation. Historically, Iranian state-linked and affiliated actors have targeted U.S. water and gas systems, and activity from such groups has increased since the February 28 airstrikes. Experts warn that Iran may activate multiple cyber groups to retaliate effectively, emphasizing the need for heightened vigilance and robust cybersecurity measures. The cyber domain has played a pivotal role in the ongoing conflict. Coordinated U.S.–Israeli operations have reportedly disrupted Iranian command, control, and sensor networks ahead of airstrikes. Israel has also conducted large-scale information operations, including compromising a popular Iranian prayer app and state broadcasting channels. In contrast, Iranian state-sponsored actors and pro-Iran hacktivist collectives have threatened and claimed retaliatory cyberattacks on U.S., Israeli, and allied critical infrastructure, including distributed-denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, data wipers, and information operations. However, widespread internet blackouts inside Iran have limited their effectiveness. The escalation of cyber warfare in this conflict highlights the evolving nature of modern warfare, where digital operations can have as significant an impact as traditional military engagements. The integration of cyber capabilities into military strategies has introduced new challenges in terms of defense, attribution, and international norms. As both state and non-state actors continue to leverage cyber tools, the international community faces the imperative to develop frameworks that address the complexities of cyber warfare and its implications for global security. The ongoing cyber assaults also raise critical questions about the resilience of global digital infrastructure and the preparedness of nations to defend against such multifaceted threats. The incidents involving Stryker and the dissemination of false information in Israel illustrate the diverse tactics employed in cyber warfare, from data exfiltration to psychological operations. These developments necessitate a reevaluation of cybersecurity strategies and international cooperation to mitigate the risks associated with cyber conflicts.