Since April 2023, Sudan has been engulfed in a brutal civil war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF). This conflict has precipitated one of the most severe humanitarian crises in recent history. As of April 2026, approximately 14 million people—about a quarter of Sudan's population—have been displaced, with 9 million internally and 4.4 million seeking refuge in neighboring countries such as Chad, South Sudan, and Egypt. (ungeneva.org) The humanitarian situation is dire. The United Nations Office at Geneva reports that 21 million Sudanese are facing acute food insecurity, including 6.3 million in a state of emergency. The conflict has decimated food production capacities, particularly in Khartoum, and destroyed veterinary laboratories essential for livestock health. (ungeneva.org) Healthcare infrastructure has been severely compromised. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that over 40% of the country's population requires urgent health assistance. Attacks on healthcare facilities have rendered many hospitals non-functional, and disease outbreaks are rampant. The WHO has verified more than 200 attacks on healthcare, resulting in 2,052 deaths. (ungeneva.org) The international response has been inadequate. The United Nations Secretary-General's Personal Envoy for Sudan, Pekka Haavisto, has engaged with various stakeholders, including Sudanese armed groups and civilian political actors, to de-escalate the conflict and protect civilians. However, these efforts have yet to yield substantial progress toward peace. (un.org) The European Union has called for increased engagement to ensure rapid, unimpeded, and sustainable humanitarian access and the protection of civilians across all of Sudan. Despite these calls, the situation remains precarious, with millions of Sudanese enduring unimaginable hardships. (hrw.org)